Schwarzkopf was born Aug. 24, 1934, in Trenton, N.J., where his father, Col. H. Norman Schwarzkopf Jr., founder and commander of the New Jersey State Police, was then leading the investigation of the Lindbergh kidnap case, which ended with the arrest and 1936 execution of German-born carpenter Richard Hauptmann for stealing and murdering the famed aviator's infant son. [26] Schwarzkopf graduated valedictorian out of his class of 150,[27] and his IQ was tested at 168. More than that, he was a good and decent man and a dear friend. [120], Schwarzkopf returned to the United States after the Gulf War as a national hero, and his ability to effectively deal with the press left him a positive image. These also had the side effect of distracting the public from focusing on U.S. casualty counts or the destruction wrought in the war. He led the Pegasus Parade at the Kentucky Derby and was an honorary guest at the Indianapolis 500. On May 28, 1970, Schwarzkopf landed his helicopter when discovering troops of B Company who had stumbled into a minefield. In early 2003 he told the Washington Post the outcome was an unknown: "What is postwar Iraq going to look like, with the Kurds and the Sunnis and the Shiites? A much-decorated combat soldier in Vietnam, Schwarzkopf was known popularly as “Stormin’ Norman” because of his notoriously explosive temper. In July 1959, Schwarzkopf was assigned his first overseas assignment; as a staff officer alternating with duties as a platoon leader, liaison officer, and reconnaissance platoon leader[36] with the 6th Infantry Regiment in West Germany. The paratroopers took heavy casualties and a second, larger force was required to relieve them. Born in Trenton, New Jersey, Schwarzkopf grew up in the United States and later in Iran. [58][59] In October 1976, he moved to Fort Lewis, Washington, to command the 1st Brigade of the 9th Infantry Division,[60] where he impressed his division commander, Major General Richard E. Cavazos. ", In 1946, when Norman Schwarzkopf was 12, he moved with his father to Tehran, Iran. The cause of death was notimmediately known. [69] Schwarzkopf was named deputy commander of the invasion at the last minute, leaving him with little say in the planning. [48] He aggressively stepped up patrols and operations to counter Viet Cong infiltration in the battalion's sector. [41], By August 17, the 173rd Airborne Brigade arrived and broke the siege, ending the Battle of Đức Cơ. After that proved false, he said decisions to go to war should depend on what U.N. weapons inspectors found. In 1966 he volunteered for Vietnam and served two tours, first as a U.S. adviser to South Vietnamese paratroops and later as a battalion commander in the U.S. Army's Americal Division. [45], Between 1970 and 1983, Schwarzkopf took on a number of different assignments. His first assignment was as platoon leader, later executive officer, of E Company, 2nd Airborne Battle Group, 187th Airborne Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division at Fort Campbell, Kentucky. Upon returning to the United States, he spoke of a wariness of future conflicts to author C. D. B. Bryan in 1971:[55] He related those experiences under the assumed name of Lieutenant Colonel Byron Schindler:[56], I don't think there will ever be another major confrontation where the armies line up on both sides. CBS News' Bob Orr reports. [22] From a young age, Norman wanted to be a military officer, following his father's example. [72] He held the post for 14 months before returning to the Pentagon as Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans in August 1987. Most of the US and allied forces, however, were not combat veterans, and Schwarzkopf and the other allied commanders wanted to fight cautiously to minimize casualties. [37][36], Schwarzkopf was promoted to captain in July 1961 and attended the Advanced Infantry School at Fort Benning for eight months,[36] and qualified for the Master Parachutist Badge. He initially endorsed an invasion after Colin Powell's presentation to the United Nations on February 6, 2003. He also worked to minimize the culture clash among foreigners in sharia-dominated Saudi Arabia, such as the high visibility of women in military roles. [122] He retired from the military in August 1991, moving to Tampa, Florida. [50] He also showed a preference of leading from the front and prided himself on avoiding the rear areas, which he called a "cesspool. In 1968, he attended the Army's Command and General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, completing the course in June 1969. He was assigned as executive officer to the chief of staff at MACV headquarters, based at Tan Son Nhut Air Base in Saigon. [62], In July 1978, Schwarzkopf became deputy director of plans at the U.S. Pacific Command in Hawaii. Nickname: Stormin' Norman Noted For: U.S. Army general. Young Norman studied there and in Switzerland, Germany and Italy, then followed in his father's footsteps to West Point, graduating in 1956 with an engineering degree. Over the next several weeks, Schwarzkopf spoke frequently with both reporters and troops under his command, conducting many high-profile press conferences and updates to the situation in Saudi Arabia. [19] In July 1960, Schwarzkopf was assigned as aide-de-camp to Brigadier General Charles Johnson, who commanded the Berlin Brigade in West Berlin. A sister of Schwarzkopf, Ruth Barenbaum of Middlebury, Vt., said that he died in Tampa, Fla., from complications from pneumonia. https://www.channel4.com/news/us-gen-norman-schwarzkopf-dies-aged-78 (AP Photo/Laurent Rebours, File) Schwarzkopf expected the war to last several weeks and had anticipated chemical weapon attacks by the Iraqi forces, which did not occur. "[126] In a letter, Secretary of the Army John McHugh and Army Chief of Staff General Raymond T. Odierno wrote in a joint statement, "Our nation owes a great debt of gratitude to General Schwarzkopf and our Soldiers will hold a special place in their hearts for this great leader. [10], He attended the Community High School in Tehran, later the International School of Geneva,[23] and briefly Frankfurt American High School, in Frankfurt, Germany (1948–49), and Heidelberg American High School, in Heidelberg, Germany (1949–50). Norman Schwarzkopf 9 Norman Schwarzkopf Quotes on War and Army “A great deal of the capability of an army is its dedication to its cause and its will to fight. English: Herbert Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr. (1934–2012), commonly known as Norman Schwarzkopf or H. Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr., was a United States Army officer from 1956 to 1991.He was Commander of United States Central Command from 1988 to 1991, and lead the 1990–1991 Gulf War, from which he got the nickname "Stormin' Norman". I was lucky enough to lead a very successful war." [132] Army Chief of Staff Carl E. Vuono, a lifelong friend of Schwarzkopf, described him as "competent, compassionate, egotistical, loyal, opinionated, funny, emotional, sensitive to any slight. [64] He returned to Washington, DC, for an assignment as director of personnel management for the Army, subordinate to the Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel, General Maxwell R. [106], The air campaign proved to be a success by achieving air superiority and destroying the Iraqi military's communications network, supplies, and many tanks and armored vehicles. [70] Schwarzkopf helped lead the initial landing operations while he was aboard USS Guam. The elder Schwarzkopf was named Herbert, but when the son was asked what his "H'' stood for, he would reply, "H." Although reputed to be short-tempered with aides and subordinates, he was a friendly, talkative and even jovial figure who didn't like "Stormin' Norman" and preferred to be known as "the Bear," a sobriquet given him by troops. He was 78. [14][15] His continuous absence made home life difficult, particularly for his wife. The two frequently hunted together and developed a close friendship. He was then called to an emergency meeting with US President George H. W. Bush, where his Internal Look '90 strategic plans were made the basis of a potential counteroffensive plan. The cause of death was not immediately known. He led the U.S. military assault against the armies of Iraq in 1991. Retired General H. Norman Schwarzkopf, who commanded the US-led international coalition that drove Saddam Hussein’s forces out of Kuwait in 1991, has died. The cause of death was not immediately known. At first, Schwarzkopf was ambivalent during the run-up to the Iraq War in 2003. 1968-07-06 US Army General Norman Schwarzkopf (33) weds Brenda Halsinger; Historical Events. Schwarzkopf, a burly Vietnam War veteran known to histroops as Stormin' Norman, commanded more than 540,000 U.S. troops and 200,000 allied forces in a six-week war that routed Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein's army from Kuwait in … [124] Schwarzkopf sold the rights to his memoirs to Bantam Books for $5,000,000. From his headquarters in Tampa, Schwarzkopf began planning the operations to defend Saudi Arabia. Among the many honors he received was the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2002. Pyle reported from New York. In testimony before the Senate Armed Services Committee in March 1989, Schwarzkopf maintained that the Soviet Union was a threat to the region, but when giving an overview of the countries in the region, he noted that Iraq posed a threat to its weaker neighbors. "I may have made my reputation as a general in the Army and I'm very proud of that," he once told the AP. The cause of death was not immediately known. We Vets are fighting two monsters, PC'a and agent orange. In some press conferences, he showed and explained advanced war-fighting technology that the U.S. possessed to impress the public. [19][39] He was promoted to major shortly after arriving in Vietnam. The cause of death was not immediately known. (His father, H. Norman Schwarzkopf, Sr., was … [145] Schwarzkopf's strategy was to control the message being sent and so he ordered media on the battlefield to be escorted at all times. [102], Schwarzkopf also had an agreeable relationship with his deputy commander, Lieutenant General Calvin Waller, who handled much of the administrative burden. General William Westmoreland later arrived to review the incident and congratulate Schwarzkopf. He was 78. [126] Schwarzkopf otherwise sought to live out a low-profile retirement in Tampa, though he briefly served as a military commentator for NBC.[126]. Help us build our profile of Norman Schwarzkopf! [66][67] He immediately established an extremely rigorous training regimen and became well known among the troops of the command for his strict training and aggressive personality. [129] Like German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel and General George S. Patton, Schwarzkopf highly regarded decisiveness and valued determination among his commanders. [71], He flew into St. George's on the second day of the operation. [75] In a second role, Schwarzkopf served as the Army's senior member on the Military Staff Committee at the United Nations Security Council, where he began to build diplomatic skills in dealings with representatives from other countries. He was 78 and lived in Tampa, Fla. (Dec. 27), Richard Pyle and Lolita C. Baldor, Associated Press, Your California Privacy Rights/Privacy Policy, Schwarzkopf commanded U.S.-led coalition that drove Saddam out of Kuwait, Schwarzkopf was known as "Stormin' Norman" for his notoriously explosive temper, Schwarzkopf died in Tampa from complications from pneumonia. "Gen. [30], In his plebe year, he was given the nickname "Schwarzie," the same as his father, and he was often pushed by older cadets to imitate his father's radio show as a traditional act of hazing. "[133] While Colin Powell would say Schwarzkopf's strengths outweighed his weaknesses, Dick Cheney personally disliked what he considered Schwarzkopf's pretentious behavior with subordinates. [140], In a 2012 book, historian Thomas E. Ricks wrote Schwarzkopf's lack of experience with politics were disadvantageous to his conduct of the war. That year, his command began planning to counter an Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, seeing it as a likely conflict that would threaten the interests of the United States. The cause of death was not immediately known. [18] Schwarzkopf developed a lifelong interest in Middle Eastern culture. [8][Note 1] The younger Schwarzkopf had two older sisters, Ruth Ann and Sally Joan. Here is all you want to know, and more! … On November 7, 1994, Schwarzkopf won $14,000 for the Boggy Creek Gang on Celebrity Jeopardy! For his father, the major general and lead investigator in the. [76], In November 1988, Schwarzkopf was named commander of United States Central Command (CENTCOM), succeeding General George B. Crist. Fearing that he would set off another landmine, Schwarzkopf pinned the soldier to the ground while another soldier put a splint on the wounded man's leg. After retiring from the Army in 1992, Schwarzkopf wrote a best-selling autobiography, "It Doesn't Take A Hero." [17] In Iran, Norman learned shooting, horseback riding, and hunting. [148], Schwarzkopf was awarded the following military decorations:[149], This article is about the Gulf War general. He was later questioned about running for political office, but, considering himself an independent, expressed little interest in doing so. In June 1983, he became commanding general of the 24th Infantry Division (Mechanized) at Fort Stewart, Georgia. The cause of death was not immediately available. [86] By August 13, the news media began to closely cover Schwarzkopf, who had been named to lead the operation.[1]. Biography - A Short Wiki. Herbert Schwarzkopf died in 1958. [110][111], Within 90 hours, his force had destroyed 42 of 50 Iraqi Army divisions at a cost of about 125 killed and 200 wounded among American troops,[112] and about 482 killed, 458 wounded among all of the coalition. [142], Schwarzkopf sought to change the relationship between journalists and the military, feeling that the news media's negative portrayal of the Vietnam War had degraded troops there. [45], Schwarzkopf was promoted to lieutenant colonel and ordered to a second tour in Vietnam,[19] leaving in June 1969. "[138] The later accomplishments of General Tommy Franks during Operation Enduring Freedom were compared favorably with those of Schwartzkopf. Schwarzkopf retired shortly after the end of the war and undertook a number of philanthropic ventures, only occasionally stepping into the political spotlight before his death from complications of pneumonia. Schwarzkopf, a burly Vietnam War veteran known to his troops as Stormin’ Norman, commanded more … A U.S. official says retired Gen. H. Norman Schwarzkopf, who commanded the U.S.-led international coalition that drove Saddam Hussein's forces out of Kuwait in 1991, has died. Now Playing: Retired Gen. Norman Schwarzkopf Dead at 78 Schwarzkopf later recounted many officers and NCOs he met in the assignment "had no sense of duty or honor, and who saw the world through an alcoholic haze. Retired Gen. H. Norman Schwarzkopf Jr., commander of coalition forces in the Persian Gulf War of 1990-91, died Thursday at age 78 in Tampa, Fla. Schwarzkopf remained at his command in Riyadh until December and made frequent frontline visits to the troops. In June 1962, Schwarzkopf enrolled at the University of Southern California in a Master of Science in Engineering course studying missile mechanics, graduating in June 1964,[38] with a Master of Science in mechanical and aerospace engineering. After a number of initial training programs, Schwarzkopf interrupted a stint as an academy teacher and served in the Vietnam War, first as an adviser to the South Vietnamese Army and then as a battalion commander. [7] The senior Schwarzkopf later became the founding Superintendent of the New Jersey State Police, where he worked as a lead investigator on the 1932 Lindbergh baby kidnapping case. Commander in Gulf War, Dies at 78", "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement", "Gen. H. Norman Schwarzkopf Biography Photo", "1993 Salute to Excellence, Stars of today and tomorrow meet in Glacier", United States Army Center for Military History, Barbara Walters Interview with General Schwarzkopf, Coalition commander in the Persian Gulf War, General H. Norman Schwarzkopf, USA, Biography and Interview on American Academy of Achievement, Commander-in-Chief of United States Central Command, Commanders of United States Central Command, National Football Foundation Gold Medal winners, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norman_Schwarzkopf_Jr.&oldid=996154878, United States Army personnel of the Gulf War, United States Army personnel of the Vietnam War, Honorary Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath, Recipients of the Air Force Distinguished Service Medal, Recipients of the Coast Guard Distinguished Service Medal, Recipients of the Defense Distinguished Service Medal, Recipients of the Defense Superior Service Medal, Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States), Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army), Recipients of the Gallantry Cross (Vietnam), Recipients of the Navy Distinguished Service Medal, Valley Forge Military Academy and College alumni, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, United States Republican Senatorial Medal of Freedom, Schwarzkopf Elementary School, named after him in, This page was last edited on 24 December 2020, at 21:18. [103], The air campaign against Iraq began on January 17, 1991, after 139 days of planning and buildup. WASHINGTON (AP) — Retired Gen. H. Norman Schwarzkopf, who topped an illustrious military career by commanding the U.S.-led international coalition that drove Saddam Hussein's forces out of Kuwait in 1991 but kept a low public profile in controversies over the second Gulf War against Iraq, died Thursday. His plan for direct and overwhelming force was initially criticized in Washington as uncreative. Retired General H. Norman Schwarzkopf, who commanded the US-led international coalition that drove Saddam Hussein’s forces out of Kuwait in 1991, has died. Probably the most anti-war people I know are Army officers—but if we do have a war, I think it's going to be limited in nature like Vietnam and Korea. [52][53], Returning to the United States in 1970, Schwarzkopf was awarded a third Silver Star and a second Purple Heart for risking his life to protect the soldiers, as well as three Bronze Star Medals and a Legion of Merit for his command performance. Initially Schwarzkopf had endorsed the invasion, saying he was convinced that former Secretary of State Colin Powell had given the United Nations powerful evidence of Iraqi weapons of mass destruction. He was 78. Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com: accessed ), memorial page for Norman Schwarzkopf (22 Aug 1934–27 Dec 2012), Find a Grave Memorial no. Schwarzkopf was cremated and his ashes were buried near those of his father in the West Point Cemetery in a ceremony attended by cadets, military leaders, New York and New Jersey State Police Troopers. Schwarzkopf worked to help coordinate the contributions of the different nations contributing military forces to the effort. The cause of death was not immediately known. Schwarzkopf, a burly Vietnam War veteran known to his troops as Stormin’ Norman, commanded more … On Jan. 17, 1991, a five-month buildup called Desert Shield became Operation Desert Storm as allied aircraft attacked Iraqi bases and Baghdad government facilities. Schwarzkopf planned counters both for Iraq's large armored forces, air forces, and elite Republican Guard forces. It really should be part of the overall campaign plan," he said. He later said that the troops were initially demoralized and in poor condition, racked with rampant drug use and disciplinary problems as well as a lack of support from home. His dealings with the press were thus frequent and very personal, and he conducted regular briefings for journalists. [93], Initially, Operation Desert Shield involved a sea interdiction campaign that saw international warships detaining and inspecting tankers from Iraq. Decorated U.S. Army General who served as the Commander-in-Chief of United States Central Command for the coalition forces in the Persian Gulf War. [88] By August 20, 20,000 U.S. troops were in Saudi Arabia, with another 80,000 preparing to deploy, and a further 40,000 reserves tapped to augment them. [92] Through October, Schwarzkopf and his command were occupied with setting up facilities and supply lines for the troops streaming into Saudi Arabia. Schwarzkopf, a burly Vietnam War veteran known to his troops as Stormin' Norman, commanded more than 540,000 U.S. troops and 200,000 allied forces in a six-week war that routed Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein's army from Kuwait in … [16] As a 10-year-old cadet at Bordentown Military Institute, near Trenton, he posed for his official photograph wearing a stern expression because, as he said afterwards, "Some day when I become a general, I want people to know that I'm serious. People knew him as a talkative, jovial figure Ricks concluded that the Gulf War was a "tactical triumph but a strategic draw at best. [126], Schwarzkopf endorsed George W. Bush in the 2000 U.S. presidential election and the 2004 U.S. presidential election. by News Staff. At the peak of his postwar national celebrity, Schwarzkopf — a self-proclaimed political independent — rejected suggestions that he run for office, and remained far more private than other generals, although he did serve briefly as a military commentator for NBC. Enjoy. Then, he returned to the United States and finished his teaching assignment at West Point, where he was an associate professor in the Department of Mechanics. Commanded the U.S. and allied forces in the Persian Gulf War (1991). [59] Schwarzkopf favored the intense press surrounding the Gulf War conflict, feeling that blocking the news media, as had been done in Grenada, would contribute to affect public perception of the war in the United States negatively. He then began making frequent briefings to the media. I'd like to think I'm a caring human being. [114] Schwarzkopf, who had ordered a media blackout during the ground offensive, finally appeared before journalists on February 27 to explain his strategy. [127], Among reactions to Schwarzkopf's death, George H. W. Bush said of him: "General Norm Schwarzkopf, to me, epitomized the 'duty, service, country' creed that has defended our freedom and seen this great Nation through our most trying international crises. Schwarzkopf was born Herbert Norman Schwarzkopf Jr. on August 22, 1934, in Trenton, New Jersey, to Herbert Norman Schwarzkopf Sr.[2][3] and Ruth Alice (née Bowman). An official U.S Army photo of General H. Norman Schwarzkopf in 1988. While he later avoided the public second-guessing by academics and think tank experts over the ambiguous outcome of Gulf War I and its impact on Gulf War II, he told The Washington Post in 2003, "You can't help but… with 20/20 hindsight, go back and say, 'Look, had we done something different, we probably wouldn't be facing what we are facing today.'". While many career officers left military service embittered by Vietnam, Schwarzkopf was among those who opted to stay and help rebuild the tattered Army into a potent, modernized all-volunteer force. Schwarzkopf was a national spokesman for prostate cancer awareness and for Recovery of the Grizzly Bear, served on the Nature Conservancy board of governors and was active in various charities for chronically ill children. [72] As a part of his duties during the posting, he sat in on arms reduction talks with leaders from the Soviet Union. Ricks said that Schwarzkopf was overly cautious in the execution of his plans because of his fear of repeating mistakes in Vietnam, which meant his troops failed to destroy the Iraqi Republican Guard. Watch: Retired Gen. Norman Schwarzkopf Dead at 78911: President George W. Bush at National Cathedral, 09/14/2001. By November 8, Bush agreed to commit 400,000 US troops to Saudi Arabia at Schwarzkopf's insistence. [4][5] His father was a 1917 graduate of the United States Military Academy and veteran of World War I. Retired General H. Norman Schwarzkopf has died in Tampa, Florida. [123], In 1992, Schwarzkopf published a memoir, It Doesn't Take a Hero, about his life; it became a bestseller. Schwarzkopf, a burly Vietnam War veteran known as Stormin' ... the son of Colonel H. Norman Schwarzkopf Sr., the head of … He was accepted by the United States Military Academy and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the United States Army in 1956. Schwarzkopf, a burly Vietnam War veteran known to his troops as Stormin’ Norman, commanded more … The cause of death was not immediately known. Schwarzkopf, a burly Vietnam War veteran known to his troops as Stormin' Norman, commanded more than 540,000 U.S. troops and 200,000 allied forces in a six-week war that routed Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein's army from Kuwait in 1991, capping his 34-year military career. He would usually not attack media coverage, even if negative, unless he felt it was blatantly incorrect. H. Norman Schwarzkopf, the Army general who commanded coalition forces in the Persian Gulf War against Saddam Hussein, died Thursday in Tampa, Fla., at age 78. Schwarzkopf was presented with military honors. Although a medevac was on its way, Schwarzkopf ordered his UH-1 Huey to remove the wounded. [57] He underwent surgery at Walter Reed Army Hospital shortly after his return from Vietnam to repair longstanding back problems exacerbated by parachute jumps. [32], During CENTCOM military exercises in July 1990, termed Internal Look '90, Schwarzkopf wrote up a scenario that tested how the command would respond to a regional dictator invading a neighboring country and threatening oilfields there, which closely mirrored the rising tension between Iraq and Kuwait. He also was outspoken at times, including when he described Gen. William Westmoreland, the U.S. commander in Vietnam, as "a horse's ass" in an Associated Press interview. He was initially considered for promotion alternatively to General of the Army or to Army Chief of Staff, and was ultimately asked to assume the latter post, but he declined. [74], In July 1985, Schwarzkopf began an 11-month assignment as Assistant Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans at the Pentagon. That's a huge question, to my mind. He was on several occasions encouraged to run for United States Senate or President of the United States as a member of the Republican Party, but showed no interest. 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August 17, 1991, moving to Tampa, Schwarzkopf landed his when., considering himself an independent, expressed little interest in Middle Eastern culture to. $ 5,000,000 1956 with a Bachelor of Engineering degree distracting the public to. Been wounded and two soldiers were trapped, fearful of setting off more mines of over 750,000.! His retirement, Schwarzkopf noted two incidents that haunted him to help coordinate the contributions the... Endorsed George W. Bush in the United nations on February 6, 2003 149 ], became. Relation to Norman Schwarzkopf ( 33 ) weds Brenda Halsinger ; Historical Events Iraq began January! Be—And again, God forbid, I hope we do n't have any Republican Guard forces, cause... United States and later in Iran, Norman learned shooting, horseback riding, and operations..., initially, operation Desert Shield involved a sea interdiction campaign that saw international warships detaining and inspecting from. Promoted to lieutenant general, and communicating operations [ Note 2 ] he was successfully treated credibility!

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